Could rising temperatures be a boon for winemakers in Scandinavia?

Does making wine in the Nordic countries seem unlikely to you? And yet it really does exist! In fact, in Scandinavia, a few amateur winemakers have decided to take on the challenge, and so far, they’re on the right track! Indeed, in Sweden, Denmark, and more recently in Norway, vineyards can be found in certain regions. Production isn’t as extensive as in French or Californian vineyards; it’s more niche, but it deserves recognition because growing grapes in these northern regions is no small feat. Fortunately, Scandinavian winemakers can count on their passion and on volunteers who are always happy to lend a hand. And if they are able to produce wine today, it is no coincidence. Global warming and the introduction of new grape varieties are behind this development.

Winegrowing by passionate enthusiasts

In Scandinavia, taking up winemaking takes courage. In Northern Europe, sunshine is scarce and the growing season is much shorter than in France. Conditions are therefore far from ideal, yet some Nordic winemakers succeed and devote their passion to their vineyards. Some also seek help from specialists by hiring staff from abroad. These vineyards mainly produce white wine based on the Solaris grape. This is a German hybrid variety that is highly cold-resistant. It is well-suited to the climate of Sweden, Denmark, and Norway. In these countries, the ripening period is relatively short, and Solaris is perfectly suited to it. Similarly, Scandinavian winemakers favor organic viticulture, although not all of them have obtained a certified label. In fact, they work primarily by hand, without chemicals. Wine marketing also differs from one country to another. For example, in Denmark, on-site sales are permitted, whereas in Sweden, alcohol is sold in state-run liquor stores. The market is therefore local.

Countries focusing on new grape varieties that require less heat

Two factors explain why northern countries are now able to grow grapes and produce wine—something that was simply unthinkable just a few decades ago. First, there is the rise in temperatures. In Sweden, for example, the average temperature has risen by one degree since 1990. And this trend is unlikely to stop, as scientists estimate that temperatures could rise another 2 to 6 degrees by the end of the century. If their predictions come true, the amount of arable land in Scandinavia will increase. For winemakers, this global warming is therefore an asset, even if it also leads to increased rainfall. Then, a second factor favoring wine production in these regions: the development of new grape varieties that require less heat. These varieties are therefore well-suited to the climate of these countries. So, who knows, perhaps over the years, there will be more winemakers in Norway, Sweden, and Denmark… we’ll find out in the coming decades!